Heating and ventilating unit



Nov. 23 192s. 1,E;0s,43s

C. E. SCOTT HEATING AND VENTILATING UNIT Filed Feb. 23. 1924 s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Char/e; if 5002'! 3 Wilwpw TroRNEY Nov. 23,1926. 1,608,435

v C. E. SCOTT HEATING AND VENTILATING UNIT Filed Feb. "23. 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 c. E. SCOTT HEATING AND VENTILATING UNI T Filed Feb.. 23. 1924 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 's INVENTOR viz/Aw a Ckar/ea E. Jam/1 Patented Nov. 23, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

CHARLES E. SCOTT, OF SOUTH NORWALK, CONNECTICUT.

HEATING AND VENTILATING UNIT.

-Application filed February 23, 1924. Serial No. 694,796.

The invention relates to a combined heating and ventilating'unit of the type which includes a radiator, or other air heating unit; which contains a blower, or other air 5 circulating means, and which receives air from either the outside or from within the room in which the unit is mounted, and

drives this air in contact with or through the heating unit to heat the air to any desired temperature before ,it is discharged into the room. 4 7

The primary object of the invention is to provide a simplified form of device of the type outlined, which will increase the efliciency injoperationrof such units, heat the I air passed therethrough economically and insure an even constant temperature in all portions of the space supplied by the unit.

' It is'a prevailing objection to such devices as now constructed, that they do not economically utilize the available heat energy discharged from the-contained radiator. With known forms of such devices muchof the a heat is lost through radiation to adjoint spaces not desired heated;and through conduction. and convection to parts which, like the fan motor and other machine parts, are.

desired to be kept cool. Further the air flow has not been conducive to an economic heat the heating unit is either not sufliciently proatively long heat absorbing association therewith while passing through the several passageways in the-device. This phaseof the invention is attained by giving the air a preliminary heating and thus having the temperature raised gradually before the air so preheated'is brought into direct heating engagement with the radiator for its final -heat treatment. Incidentally, the invention features a construction in which substanabsorption for the contact of the air withlonged to give the desired temperature or, an abnormally large radiator is necessary to relative thereto that the air will have a rel-l tially all of the available heat isabsorbed per unit of time by the air passing'through the device during this time and which air additionally acts as a heat insulator for the heating device to prevent heat losses from the device by direct radiation;

Another object of the invention is to pro vide for a disposition of the air circulating mechanism which will maintain the same in the coldest part of the, casing irrespective as to whether it is drawing airin from the outside, or from the inside of the'room, and

which disposition will render the air-cooled mechanism substantially unaffected by the heat from the contained heating unit.

' Another object of the invention is to provide for such a disposition of several compartments within the casing that ready access may be attained for inspection, for

cleaning, or for the replacement of contained mechanism, anism. I

Incidental to the last named object, the invention features a construction by means of which the. air circulating mechanism, which is usually heavy and in need of fresuch as the air circulating mechquent attention, can be contained on the bottom of the -containing casing adjacent the floor to thus minimize tendency to vibrat'ion and to facilitate the withdrawal of the heavy mechanism out of the casing on to the floor of the room for convenient access,

Among the other objects of the invention are to provide a selective control for regulating the proportion of fresh air to the recirculated air from the room admitted to the intake of the circulating means, and to control the proportion of relatively cold to heated air discharged from the unit into the room.

Various other'objects and advantages of.

the invent ion will be "in part obvious from an inspection of the accompanying drawings and 1n part will be. more fully :,set forth in the following particular description of one form of mechanism embodying my invention, and the invention also-consists in certain new and novel features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings t Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view taken through a preferred embodiment of my invention show'n in position abutting against the wall of a "room heated thereby and showing-a connection with the external atmos here Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the broken line 22 of Figure 1, locking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

and t Figure 3 is a viewin sideelevation'of the device shown in the preceding figures and f V.

looking at the same from the right side of Figure 2.

,In the 'it'o'llowing description and in the claims,- parts will be identified by specific,

names for convenience of expression but they areintended to be as generic in their application to similar parts as the art will permit. v

In the drawings the unit constituting the subject matter of this disclosure isshown in position with one side, hereinafter referred to as-a rear side or wall, engaging against a wall A of the room.designed to be heated by the unit. The wallshown is an outside wall to feature the positioning of the unit against a'cold wall and at a window shown at B. The unit rests directly on a floor C which-in turn is supported by the usual girder. structure D 'thrust into the wall A as :shown at The wall is shown provided below the window B with an external air inlet F outlined by a metal conduit G which may be considered either as .part of the structure of the building or may be part of the unit vhereinafter described. In the present' disclosure, the. conduit ,G is shown to be part-of the building structure in order to facilitate thej easy removal of the casing if desired without affecting any part of the building fstructurei I I In the drawings there is shown a radiator gcasing 10, of rectangular form including pa, bottom; 11, a top 12, endwa1ls 13 and 14, a-rear wall 15=and a frontwall 16. The rearwall 15' contactsagainst the wall B and is thus regarded as the cold side of the-casing while the opposite or front wall 16 faces inwardly"- into the room and is regarded j hereinafter as the warm orheated side of the casing? r T i f Intermediate its height the casing is pro vidediwith'a horizontally disposed partition 17 which is coextensive'with the'length divides-theinterior of thecasing' into a low-. er :blowercontaining compartment 18 and.

of 'thecasing' and extends inwardly from the front" wall 16to a point inspaced relation to the opposite wall 15. This partition an, upper radiator containing compartment tiU Extending from the inner: end

of.the partition 17 is a vertically extending partition or baflleplate 20 which terminates- I below the top 12 and coacts with "the rear walllfi to'form a cold air conduit 21 at the rear or coldv side of the casing.

A. heating unit 22, is positioned in the chamber 19, spaced above the partition 17 to form a hot air space 23 below the radiator and between the same and the horizontal partition '17. The radiator is spaced be- -lOWjth8 top 12 to form a cold air space 24 between the top of the radiator and the top of the casing. From this construction 1t will be seen that there is formed within the casing and in verticallysuperposed order, a blower compartment 18, a hot air. space 23, a radiator compartment containing the radiator 22, and acold air space 24, and that the cold air conduit 21 discharges over the top of the partition 20 into the cold air space 2& which is of relatively large con-,

ducting capacity. The radiator herein illustrated is a steam radiator oct a conven- Bil tional open frame type is thus suspended in the upper portion of the casing and sup-.

ported by the end walls 13 and 14. It is obviously within the scope of this disclosure to provide other supports for the radiator where this sheet metal is used to form the casing walls.

A vertically disposed, partition 25 outlines the side of the radiator compartment which faces the cold air space 24 constitutes a hinged valve- 28 pivotally connected at its lower-fend and movable into or towards its limiting positions by means of a hand lever 29, moving over a locking segment-30 positioned on the outside of the end wall of the casing'as shown in Figure 3. In its limit- "ing vertically extending position constitutmg an extension of the wall 25, as. shown,

in full'li'nes in Fig. 1, the upper, free end of the valve 28 engages against a stop 31 'iormedon the underside of the top cover 12. 7 When so disposed the valve acts to close direct intercomrnunication between the cold air space 24.- and the outlet 27. In its other] limiting position horizontally disposed as shown in dotted lines in-Figure 1,

the valve closes the upper-end of the conduit 26, thus intercepting circulation of air from the cold air space through the compartnient 22, hot air space 23, conduit 26, but opening the cold air space 24 to the outside ofv the casing directly therefrom through the outlet 27.

For the purposeof drawing air infrom V the part of the room adjacent the floor, the compartmentl? is provided with an internal air inlet 32 (F1g.. 3) controlled by a hinged casing.

segmental valve 33 positioned on the inside of the casing as shown in Figure 2.

The rear wall 15 is provided at its lower end with an external air inlet 34 for supplying the blower compartment 18 I with fresh cold air from the outside taken in through" the conduit G. The inflow through -the inlet 34 is controlled by a valve35 herein shown to be mounted in the conduit G as a fixed structural part of the same.

Preferably the valves 33 and 35 are associated to work simultaneously in order to close one valve while opening the other, and in this way regulate the proportion of cold, fresh, external air admitted through the intake 34 to the recirculated air within the room admitted through the intake 32. Both valves are connected so as to be manipulated from a single control 36 in the form of a lever mounted on the side of the casing within the room and operatively connected to the valves throughsuitable reach rods 37.

Positioned within the lower compartment I rear side and disposed to discharge directly into the cold air conduit as indicated by the upwardly pointing arrows to the left of the showing in Figure 1. The air circulating unit ispositioned on a base 44 and this unit is designed so that it may be bodily withdrawn from the compartment 18 through an opening provided in the lower portion of the front wall 16.

-It is a feature of this disclosure that this heavy air circulating unit is positioned at the bottom, or, in case the bottom is omitted, on the floor so asto minimize any tendency of the motor to set up'a' vibration ofthe Another advantage of positioning the motor and its associated units at the bottom of the casing is that the mechanism may be withdrawn forrepair, inspection and sub stitution simply by'drawing the unit out of the casing onto the floor and without necessity of raising and lowering the heavy parts vertically. The front wa l of the blower compartment 18 is defined by a drop door 45,

which normally closes the compartment. constitutes the lower part of thewall 16,

but which is so disposed-that when raised past the position shown in dottedlines in Figure 1, ready access is provided to all parts of the blower compartment and the air circulating unit contained therein, of

desired mechanism may be readily withdrawn after which the door will close by its own weight and thus close the casing.

Similarly the portion of "the front wall which is opposite the top air space 23 is defined by a similar door 46 which provides accets to this space, permitting the cleaning of thesame from any dirt deposited, and which will permit the ready insertion into the space of air humidifying and disinfecting apparatus.

In order to permit access to the cold air space and to the radiator the top 12 is preferably formed as a i be opened back against the wall of the room and past the position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1: i

In operation and assuming that the heating unit and the air circulating units are actively disposed and that the several valvular controls are in the positions indicated in full lines in Figure 1, the device is actively supplying fresh heated air to the room. It

will be understood that the blower will draw cold air from the external atmosphere through the conduit G, past the open valve 35, through the intake ends 43 of the fans, and discharge the cold air into the conduit 21. The cold air is thus forced under pressure upwardly adjacent the cold wall A and is discharged into the cold airspace at the top of the casing.

hinged cover and may 7 til) During its passage upwardly through the conduit 21, the air is subjected to an initial preheating by the radiation of heat from the heating unit 22 acting-through the thin metallic partition 20. The air thus pre-heated is discharged-downwardly through the openings in the frame of the heating unit where it is subjected to a heating action by direct contact with the hot radiator. In this way the =air coming into contact with the radiator is'at a higher temperature than the air taken in from the outs de and this permits the radiator to raise 7 the temperature of the air higher than it could possibly do if the air was not preheated before coming in contact with the same. contact is less'than usual the range of temperafure raise starts at a higher tempera ture and thus the radiator can function more efiiciently than with known devices for all parts of the radiator are at substantially the same temperature. As the steam intake end of the radiator is at the bottom it results in the arrangement herein illustrated that the and progressively during its passage downwardly through the radiator until it comes VVliil'e the time duration of the air bottom of the radiator'has a tendency'to be I hotter than the top. This therefore results in contact' with the hottest surfaces adjacent the bottoih of the radiator. The hot air is then discharged. into the space 23- at, its maximum temperature. Asthe direction of the air thus heated is reversed on itself in passing up into the hotair conduit 26 it acts to deposit any contained substance on the bottom of the air space. It is a usual practice to place some form of air treating material in this space. As the air passes upward through the hot air conduit 26 it receives some heat'by radiation'through the partitiont and at the same time gives some heat to the front Wall '16, but this'heat discharged through the front- 'wall 16 is of course at no greater temperature than the air inthe'conduit. The conduit-thus acts in efi'ect as a double-walled-.aircontaining.

insulator'for'the heating unit and thus pre-- vents the heating unit from directly heating theroom through the front wall 16. Similarly the air conduit 21 acts as va layer of air insulation between the heating unit and the cpldwall 15 of the casing. ,In this way loss of heat through thewall A of the build ing is practically eliminated, thus saving in heat losses prevalent in'simi-lar devices now known. Any heat passing through the partition 25 is taken up by the cold air and is not lost through the bullding wall.

- Should the valve 28 be moved over into the dotted line position shownin Figure 1 none of the air-will pass through thera'diator but-will pass-across the cold air spaceand will be dischar ed under pressure directly -into the room th whether-this is fres "air from the outside rou h the outlet 27. As to or recirculated air fromfthe room will depend upon the positions of the valves 35. v 1Whi1e I have shown and described, and

have pointed out in the annexed claims, certainnovel featuresof my invention, it will I invention.

" be understood ,that various, omissions, substitutions and chan es in the form and details of the .devicei ustratedand in its 0 eration ma be made-by those skilled in tl ie art withou departing from the spiritof the Having thus described my inve'ntion, 'I

1'. A 'rect'" "gular metal-casing provided with n b0li$l v wall, a front wall andja hinged top, a-liorizontalpa'rtition extending, inwardly from the :tront wall towards the rear wall, an upstanding partition projecting upwardlyfrom the horizontal partition, terminating in spaced relation to the top and co-acting with j the rear .wall to'form a cold air conduit,

another vertical partition r extend'ing down from the top, terminating above the horizon-i tal partition and. co-acting -with,'the 'front 'wall'toform aho't. air'conduit, the' po'rtioni of the top facing the upperendof saidhot.

air "conduit beingffopen and providing an air outlet, portion For; thecasing below ,-:opposite end walls, a rear;

between saidvertically extendin partitions v and in spaced relation to both t e horlzontal partition and to the top,and supported from the end walls. 1

"2. A radiator casing provided with a horizontally disposed partit on dividing the same into an upper radiator-compartment and Ya lower blower compartment, said blower compartment; provided adjacent itsbottom with an'air inlet, air heating means'in the upper compartment, air circulating means. in the cool lower compartment positioned below the heating means and substantially not heated by the heating means in'the upper comparttake opento said air inlet and discharging intois said upper compartment wherebyxthe air is 'ment, said circulating means having its in? I e upper compartment at its upper end and means for closing the upperend ofcaused to be directed downwardly 'on to said air heating means.

3. Ina device ,Qf the'class described, the

combination of aafpair'of yertically extending conduits,an open frame radiator positioned between the conduits and adapted to heat the air by'radiation' as it is" passed through both of said conduits and alsoadapted' to heat the 'air direct contact with its frame as the air is passed throughone of the conduits discharginggat its upper end into the space -above the radiator. and.

the other conduit having its hot air intake end opento the space below the radiator,and

the firs t named conduit, and'an' imperforated partition radiator. 4;. 'In' a separating the blower -from the device of the ,classdescribed the combination, of a radiatoncasing', a blower in --the lower part of the casing, a heatin tions for separating the blower ,froml' the heatlng dev1ce,"said"partitions coacting todevice positioned above the bl form-a cold air'conduit-for directing the dis 1 charge from the 's'ub-positioned-blower down on .to the top off the heating device and across its entire uppen'end and ahot airconduit for. dischargm g 'the heated air from thelbottom' of the heating device and fordeliverin' the hot ir fr'om the upper end of saidcon uit x I I a 5. A radiator. casing-provided with aho'rizontal partition dividing the same into an upper radiator and .hotair space oompart- 7 ment and a lower blower compartment,- a

verticallyeXtehding-partition defining one] .side of the 1ipper1'cbmpartmen andco aeun'g, 'withfth'e adjacent sideof -the, cas in'g or a blower discharging ipto'the lower end oi forming a cold air conduit between the top of the lower compartment and the top of the upper compartment, and by-passing the radiator compartment across its top, the lower part of the'upper space constituting a hot air space and another'vertically extending partition with its lower edge terminatlng in spaced relation to the horizontal partition forming the opposite side of the upper compartment and co-acting with its adjacent side of the casing to form a hot air conduit leading upwardly from the hot air space at the bottom of the upper compartnient.

6. A radiatoncasing provided with means within the same forming in superposed order a blower compartment, a hot air space, a radiator compartment and a cold air space, and said casing containing a conduit placing the blower compartment in fluid communication with the cold air space and with another conduit discharging from the hot air space, said cold air space, said radiator compartment and said hot air space being in sequential fluid communication, the top of said casing constituting a cover adapted to be moved into open position to provide diposition opening the cold air space directlyto the'air outlet while closing the hot air conduit, in the other position opening the hot air conduit to the air outlet while closing communication between the cold air space and the air outlet and thus permitting the air in the cold air space to pass downwardly past the radiator and said cas ng including a blower compartment below the radiator chamber and discharging into the cold air space. 1 r

8. In a device of the class described, the combination of a radiator casing provided with partitions forming, a blower compartment, a radiator compartment above the blower compartment and conduits leadlng from the blower compartment to the top of the radiator compartment and from the bottom of the radiator compartment out through the upper portion of the casing and valvular control means at the top of the radiator casing for by-passing all of the cold air from the blower compartment around the radiator compartment.

9. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of vertically extending conduits, an open frame radiator positioned between the conduits and adapted to heat the air by radiation as it is passed through both of said conduits and also adapted to heat theair bv direct contact with its frame as the air is passed therethrough, one of the conduits discharging at its upper end into the space above the radiator and the other conduit having its hot air intake end open to the space below the radiator, and a blower discharging into the lower end of the first named conduit and a valve at the upper end of said other conduit for controlling the air flow through the radiator.

10. A radiator casing provided with means within the same forming in superposed order a blower compartment, a hot air space, a radiator compartment and a cold air space, and said casing containing a con-- duit placing the blower compartment in fluid communication with the cold air space i and with another conduit discharging from the hot air space, said cold air space, said radiator compartment and said hot air space being in sequential fluid communication, said blower compartment provided with a cold air intake, the casing provided with an' air discharglng outlet, and control means for selectively opening either or' both the cold air space or/and the last named conduit to said outlet.

11. A radiator casing provided with blower compartment provided adjacent the bottom of the casing with two air inlets, one

adapted to draw air in from the outside of the house and the other adapted to draw air in from the space adjacent the floor of the room in which the casing is mounted, and valvular means for closing one of the inlets while the other is open.

12. A radiator casing provided with means within the same forming in superposed order a blower compartment, a hot air space, a radiator compartment and a cold air space, and said casing containing a con-z duit placing the blower compartment in fluid" communication with the cold air space and with another conduit discharging from the hot air space, saidcold air space, said radiator compartment and said hot air space being in sequential fluid communication, said blower compartment and said hot air space being each provided with means for permitting access to the respective compartments.

13. In a device of the class described, the

combination of a radiator casing provided with air' intake ports at lower end and with a discharge port at upper end alnd otherwiseclosed, air heating means and air circulatlng. means housed wlthm the-casm in superposed order, said casing rovide soharge an initial reheating efore it is discharged 10 downward y into contact with the heating means and said conduit being of inirerted L 81ft thereof leading'horizon- I shape with a tally from sai' preliminaryhatin part to discharge the air intodi100t*h6 8-t,fi)90 contact with the heating means.

' Signed at New 'York, in'theeounty'of I N ew-York and State of New York, this 30th day of January, A.'D {19 2 g t v EfscoTT; 

